Add the Boehm Berarducci encoding of Lists as a test

Add the Boehm Berarducci encoding of Lists in polymorphic lambda calculus as a test case

tests/run/boehm-berarducci.scala

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+/* Boehm-Berarducci encoding of lists in polymorphic typed lambda calculus */
+type Op[T, C] = T => C => C
+type List[T] = [C] => Op[T, C] => C => C
+
+def nil[T]: List[T] =
+  [C] => (op: Op[T, C]) => (s: C) => s
+
+def cons[T](hd: T, tl: List[T]): List[T] =
+  [C] => (op: Op[T, C]) => (s: C) => op(hd)(tl(op)(s))
+
+/** A trait that can be instantiated with a list decomposition `ListView` */
+trait ListOps:
+  type ListView[T]
+  def decompose[T](xs: List[T]): ListView[T]
+  def fst[T](v: ListView[T]): T
+  def snd[T](v: ListView[T]): List[T]
+  def isPair[T](v: ListView[T]): Boolean
+
+  // Some operations and tests that operate with the decomposition
+  def head[T](xs: List[T]): T = fst(decompose[T](xs))
+  def tail[T](xs: List[T]): List[T] = snd(decompose[T](xs))
+  def isEmpty[T](xs: List[T]): Boolean = !isPair(decompose[T](xs))
+
+  def toScalaList[T](xs: List[T]): scala.List[T] =
+    xs[scala.List[T]](h => t => h :: t)(Nil)
+
+  def print[T](xs: List[T]): Unit =
+    println(toScalaList[T](xs))
+
+  def test() =
+    val xs: List[Int] = cons(1, cons(2, nil))
+    print[Int](xs)
+    print[Int](tail(xs))
+    println(head[Int](xs))
+    println(isEmpty[Int](xs))
+end ListOps
+
+// A ListView based on regular Scala classes - options of pairs
+object ListOps1 extends ListOps:
+  type ListView[T] = Option[(T, List[T])]
+
+  def push[T](h: T, v: ListView[T]): ListView[T] = v match
+    case Some((h2, xs2)) => Some(h, cons[T](h2, xs2))
+    case None => Some(h, nil[T])
+
+  def decompose[T](xs: List[T]): ListView[T] =
+    xs[Option[(T, List[T])]](h => c => push(h, c))(None)
+
+  def fst[T](v: ListView[T]): T = v.get._1
+  def snd[T](v: ListView[T]): List[T] = v.get._2
+  def isPair[T](v: ListView[T]): Boolean = v.isDefined
+
+// A ListView based on (non-recursive) Church encodings in polymorphic lambda calculus
+object ListOps2 extends ListOps:
+  type ListView[T] = [K] => (T => List[T] => K) => (() => K) => K
+
+  def consView[T](x: T, xs: List[T]): ListView[T] =
+    [K] => (caseCons: T => List[T] => K) => (caseNil: () => K) => caseCons(x)(xs)
+
+  def nilView[T]: ListView[T] =
+    [K] => (caseCons: T => List[T] => K) => (caseNil: () => K) => caseNil()
+
+  def push[T](h: T)(c: ListView[T]): ListView[T] =
+    c[ListView[T]](h2 => xs2 => consView(h, cons[T](h2, xs2)))(() => consView(h, nil[T]))
+
+  def decompose[T](xs: List[T]): ListView[T] =
+    xs[ListView[T]](push)(nilView)
+
+  def fst[T](v: ListView[T]): T = v(hd => tl => hd)(() => ???)
+  def snd[T](v: ListView[T]): List[T] = v(hd => tl => tl)(() => ???)
+  def isPair[T](v: ListView[T]): Boolean = v(hd => tl => false)(() => true)
+
+@main def Test() =
+  ListOps1.test()
+  ListOps2.test()