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qiurunze committed Jan 7, 2019
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#### [通信mq-Kafka--未更新](/docs/redis-code.md)
#### [微服务框架--未更新](/docs/redis-code.md)
#### [lua学习](/docs/redis-lua.md)
#### [netty专题](/docs/netty.md)
#### [linux专题](/docs/linux.md)
#### [面试专题（最后更新）--未更新](/docs/code-solve.md)


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### 秒杀nginx优化

有问题或者宝贵意见联系我的QQ,非常希望你的加入！

##要求：
>目标
1.并发优化
2.KeepALive长连接优化
3.压缩优化
4.配置缓存

#### [/docs/tools/nginx nginx优化相关包](/docs/tools)



安装：cd
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre=/home/qiurunze/下载/pcre-8.38 --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --add-module=/home/qiurunze/下载/ngx_cache_purge-2.3
make
make install

ps -ef | grep nginx

./sbin/nginx -s reload

http://nginx.org/en/docs/

1.工作线程数和并发连接数
worker_processes 4; #cpu，如果nginx单独在一台机器上
worker_processes auto;
events {
worker_connections 4096;#每一个进程打开的最大连接数，超出了log中会有记录
multi_accept on; #可以一次建立多个连接
use epoll;
}
worker_rlimit_nofile 10240;每个进程打开的最大的文件数，受限于操作系统：
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
* hard nofile 102400
* soft nofile 102400
* soft core unlimited
* soft stack 10240

2.操作系统优化
配置文件/etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1#防止一个套接字在有过多试图连接到达时引起过载
sysctl-w net.core.somaxconn=1024#默认128，连接队列
sysctl-w net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout=10 # timewait的超时时间
sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse=1 #os直接使用timewait的连接
sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0 #回收禁用

3.Keepalive长连接
Nginx与upstream server：
upstream server_pool{
server localhost:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
keepalive 300; #300个长连接
}
同时要在location中设置：
location / {
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
}
客户端与nginx（默认是打开的）：


4.keepalive_timeout 60s; #长连接的超时时间
keepalive_requests 100; #100个请求之后就关闭连接，可以调大
keepalive_disable msie6; #ie6禁用启用压缩
gzip on;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types text/html text/plain application/x-javascript application/javascript text/css application/xml
gzip_vary on; #Vary: Accept-Encoding
gzip_static on; #如果有压缩好的 直接使用



5.状态监控
location = /nginx_status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow <YOURIPADDRESS>;
deny all;
}
输出结果：
Active connections: 1
server accepts handled requests
17122 17122 34873
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0
Active connections：当前实时的并发连接数
accepts：收到的总连接数，
handled：处理的总连接数
requests：处理的总请求数
Reading：当前有都少个读，读取客户端的请求
Writing：当前有多少个写，向客户端输出
Waiting：当前有多少个长连接（reading + writing）
reading – nginx reads request header
writing – nginx reads request body, processes request, or writes response to a client
waiting – keep-alive connections, actually it is active - (reading + writing)

6.实时请求信息统计ngxtop
https://github.com/lebinh/ngxtop
(1)安装python-pip
yum install epel-release
yum install python-pip
(2)安装ngxtop
pip install ngxtop
(3)使用
指定配置文件： ngxtop -c ./conf/nginx.conf
查询状态是200： ngxtop -c ./conf/nginx.conf --filter 'status == 200'
查询那个ip访问最多： ngxtop -c ./conf/nginx.conf --group-by remote_addr

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
nginx.conf配置文件
user www;
worker_processes 4;#取决于cpu

error_log logs/error.log;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 10240; #每个进程打开的最大的文件数，受限于操作系统/etc/security/limits.conf

events {
worker_connections 10240;#每一个进程打开的最大连接数，超出了log中会有记录
multi_accept on; #可以一次建立多个连接
use epoll;
}

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_tokens off; #隐藏版本号
client_max_body_size 10m; #文件上传需要调大

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log logs/access.log main;
#默认写日志：打开文件写入关闭，max:缓存的文件描述符数量，inactive缓存时间，valid：检查时间间隔，min_uses：在inactive时间段内使用了多少次加入缓存
open_log_file_cache max=200 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
#与浏览器的长连接
keepalive_timeout 65;#长连接超时时间
keepalive_requests 500;#500个请求以后，关闭长连接
keepalive_disable msie6;
# 启用压缩
gzip on;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript application/javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on; #Vary: Accept-Encoding
gzip_static on; #如果有压缩好的 直接使用
#超时时间
proxy_connect_timeout 5; #连接proxy超时
proxy_send_timeout 5; # proxy连接nginx超时
proxy_read_timeout 60;# proxy响应超时
# 开启缓存,2级目录
proxy_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=20g;
proxy_ignore_headers X-Accel-Expires Expires Cache-Control;
proxy_hide_header Cache-Control;
proxy_hide_header Pragma;
#反向代理服务器集群
upstream server_pool{
server localhost:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server localhost:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
keepalive 200; # 最大的空闲的长连接数
}

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost 192.168.220.133;
location / {
#长连接
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
#Tomcat获取真实用户ip
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_pass http://server_pool;
}
# 状态监控
location /nginx_status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.220.133;
deny all;
}
#用于清除缓存
location ~ /purge(/.*)
{
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.220.133;
deny all;
proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args;
}
# 静态文件加缓存
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|js|css|html|htm)?$
{
expires 1d;
proxy_cache cache_one;
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 1d;
proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
proxy_pass http://server_pool;
}
}
}
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