Hadoop-COS插件实现了以腾讯云 COS 作为底层文件系统运行上层计算任务的功能,支持使用Hadoop、Spark以及Tez等处理存储在腾讯云COS对象存储系统上的数据。
只适用于 COS V5 版本
Linux 或 Windows 系统
Hadoop-2.6.0及以上版本
下载地址:hadoop-cos 插件
- 将dep目录下的hadoop-cos-X.X.X-shaded.jar 拷贝到
$HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/tools/lib
下。
NOTE: 根据hadoop的具体版本选择对应的jar包,若dep目录中没有提供匹配版本的jar包,可自行通过修改pom文件中hadoop版本号,重新编译生成。
- 修改 hadoop_env.sh
在
$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
目录下,进入 hadoop_env.sh,增加如下内容,将 cosn 相关 jar 包加入 Hadoop 环境变量:
for f in $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/tools/lib/*.jar; do
if [ "$HADOOP_CLASSPATH" ]; then
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$f
else
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$f
fi
done
修改 $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml,增加 COS 相关用户和实现类信息,例如:
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>cosn://examplebucket-1250000000000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.credentials.provider</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SimpleCredentialProvider</value>
<description>
This option allows the user to specify how to get the credentials.
Comma-separated class names of credential provider classes which implement
com.qcloud.cos.auth.COSCredentialsProvider:
1.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SessionCredentialProvider: Obtain the secretId and secretKey from the URI:cosn://secretId:secretKey@example-1250000000000/;
2.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SimpleCredentialProvider: Obtain the secret id and secret key
from fs.cosn.userinfo.secretId and fs.cosn.userinfo.secretKey in core-site.xml;
3.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.EnvironmentVariableCredentialProvider: Obtain the secret id and secret key
from system environment variables named COS_SECRET_ID and COS_SECRET_KEY.
If unspecified, the default order of credential providers is:
1. org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SessionCredentialProvider
2. org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SimpleCredentialProvider
3. org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.EnvironmentVariableCredentialProvider
4. org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.CVMInstanceCredentialsProvider
5. org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.CPMInstanceCredentialsProvider
</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.userinfo.secretId</name>
<value>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx</value>
<description>Tencent Cloud Secret Id</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.userinfo.secretKey</name>
<value>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx</value>
<description>Tencent Cloud Secret Key</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.bucket.region</name>
<value>ap-xxx</value>
<description>The region where the bucket is located</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.bucket.endpoint_suffix</name>
<value>cos.ap-xxx.myqcloud.com</value>
<description>COS endpoint to connect to.
For public cloud users, it is recommended not to set this option, and only the correct area field is required.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.impl</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.fs.CosFileSystem</value>
<description>The implementation class of the CosN Filesystem</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.AbstractFileSystem.cosn.impl</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.fs.CosN</value>
<description>The implementation class of the CosN AbstractFileSystem.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/tmp/hadoop_cos</value>
<description>Temporary files will be placed here.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.upload.buffer</name>
<value>mapped_disk</value>
<description>The type of upload buffer. Available values: non_direct_memory, direct_memory, mapped_disk</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.upload.buffer.size</name>
<value>33554432</value>
<description>The total size of the upload buffer pool. -1 means unlimited.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.upload.part.size</name>
<value>8388608</value>
<description>The part size for MultipartUpload.
Considering the COS supports up to 10000 blocks, user should estimate the maximum size of a single file.
For example, 8MB part size can allow writing a 78GB single file.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.maxRetries</name>
<value>3</value>
<description>The maximum number of retries for reading or writing files to
COS, before we signal failure to the application.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.retry.interval.seconds</name>
<value>3</value>
<description>The number of seconds to sleep between each COS retry.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.read.ahead.block.size</name>
<value>1048576</value>
<description>
Bytes to read ahead during a seek() before closing and
re-opening the cosn HTTP connection.
</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.read.ahead.queue.size</name>
<value>8</value>
<description>The length of the pre-read queue.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.customer.domain</name>
<value></value>
<description>The customer domain.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.server-side-encryption.algorithm</name>
<value></value>
<description>The server side encryption algorithm.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.cosn.server-side-encryption.key</name>
<value></value>
<description>The SSE-C server side encryption key.</description>
</property>
</configuration>
配置项说明:
属性键 | 说明 | 默认值 | 必填项 |
---|---|---|---|
fs.defaultFS | 配置hadoop默认使用的底层文件系统,如果想使用cos作为hadoop默认文件系统,则此项应设置为cosn://bucket-appid,此时可以通过文件路径访问cos对象,如/hadoop/inputdata/test.dat。若不想把cos作为hadoop默认文件系统,则不需要修改此项,当需要访问cos上的对象时,则指定完整的uri即可,如cosn://testbucket-1252681927/hadoop/inputdata/test.dat来访问。 | ||
fs.cosn.credentials.provider | 配置secret id和secret key的获取方式。当前支持三种获取方式:1.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SessionCredentialProvider:从请求URI中获取secret id和secret key,其格式为:cosn://{secretId}:{secretKey}@examplebucket-1250000000000/; 2.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SimpleCredentialProvider:从core-site.xml配置文件中读取fs.cosn.userinfo.secretId和fs.cosn.userinfo.secretKey来获取secret id和secret key; 3.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.EnvironmentVariableCredentialProvider:从系统环境变量COS_SECRET_ID和COS_SECRET_KEY中获取;4.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.CVMInstanceCredentialsProvider:利用腾讯云云服务器(CVM)绑定的角色,获取访问COS的临时密钥; 5. org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.CPMInstanceCredentialsProvider:利用腾讯云黑石物理机(CPM)绑定的角色,获取访问COS的临时密钥。 | 如果不指定改配置项,默认会按照以下顺序读取:1.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SessionCredentialProvider; 2.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.SimpleCredentialProvider;3.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.EnvironmentVariableCredentialProvider; 4.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.CVMInstanceCredentialsProvider; 5.org.apache.hadoop.fs.auth.CPMInstanceCredentialsProvider | 否 |
fs.cosn.useHttps | 配置是否使用https协议。 | false | 否 |
fs.cosn.bucket.endpoint_suffix | 指定要连接的COS endpoint,该项为非必填项目。对于公有云COS用户而言,只需要正确填写上述的region配置即可。兼容原配置项:fs.cosn.userinfo.endpoint_suffix。 | 无 | 否 |
fs.cosn.userinfo.secretId/secretKey | 填写您账户的API 密钥信息。可通过 云 API 密钥 控制台 查看。 | 无 | 是 |
fs.cosn.impl | cosn对FileSystem的实现类,固定为 org.apache.hadoop.fs.CosFileSystem。 | 无 | 是 |
fs.AbstractFileSystem.cosn.impl | cosn对AbstractFileSy stem的实现类,固定为org.apache.hadoop.fs.CosN。 | 无 | 是 |
fs.cosn.bucket.region | 请填写您的地域信息,枚举值为 可用地域 中的地域简称,如ap-beijing、ap-guangzhou等。 兼容原配置项:fs.cosn.userinfo.region。 | 无 | 是 |
fs.cosn.tmp.dir | 请设置一个实际存在的本地目录,运行过程中产生的临时文件会暂时放于此处。 | /tmp/hadoop_cos | 否 |
fs.cosn.block.size | CosN文件系统每个block的大小,默认为128MB | 134217728(128MB) | 否 |
fs.cosn.upload.buffer | CosN文件系统上传时依赖的缓冲区类型。当前支持三种类型的缓冲区:非直接内存缓冲区(non_direct_memory),直接内存缓冲区(direct_memory),磁盘映射缓冲区(mapped_disk)。非直接内存缓冲区使用的是JVM堆内存,直接内存缓冲区使用的是堆外内存,而磁盘映射缓冲区则是基于内存文件映射得到的缓冲区。 | mapped_disk | 否 |
fs.cosn.upload.buffer.size | CosN文件系统上传时依赖的缓冲区大小,如果指定为-1,则表示不限制。若不限制缓冲区大小,则缓冲区类型必须为mapped_disk。如果指定大小大于0,则要求该值至少大于等于一个block的大小。兼容原配置项:fs.cosn.buffer.size。 | 134217728(128MB) | 否 |
fs.cosn.upload.part.size | 分块上传时每个part的大小。由于 COS 的分块上传最多只能支持10000块,因此需要预估最大可能使用到的单文件大小。例如,part size 为8MB时,最大能够支持78GB的单文件上传。 part size 最大可以支持到2GB,即单文件最大可支持19TB。 | 8388608(8MB) | 否 |
fs.cosn.upload_thread_pool | 文件流式上传到COS时,并发上传的线程数目 | 8 | 否 |
fs.cosn.copy_thread_pool | 目录拷贝操作时,可用于并发拷贝和删除文件的线程数目 | 3 | 否 |
fs.cosn.read.ahead.block.size | 预读块的大小 | 1048576(1MB) | 否 |
fs.cosn.read.ahead.queue.size | 预读队列的长度 | 8 | 否 |
fs.cosn.maxRetries | 访问COS出现错误时,最多重试的次数 | 200 | 否 |
fs.cosn.retry.interval.seconds | 每次重试的时间间隔 | 3 | 否 |
fs.cosn.max.connection.num | 配置COS连接池中维持的最大连接数目,这个数目与单机读写COS的并发有关,建议至少大于或等于单机读写COS的并发数 | 1024 | 否 |
fs.cosn.customer.domain | 配置COS的自定义域名,默认为空 | 无 | 否 |
fs.cosn.server-side-encryption.algorithm | 配置COS服务端加密算法,支持SSE-C和SSE-COS,默认为空,不加密 | 无 | 否 |
fs.cosn.server-side-encryption.key | 当开启COS的SSE-C服务端加密算法时,必须配置SSE-C的密钥,密钥格式为base64编码的AES-256密钥,默认为空,不加密 | 无 | 否 |
fs.cosn.crc64.checksum.enabled | 是否开启CRC64校验。默认不开启,此时无法使用hadoop fs -checksum 命令获取文件的CRC64校验值。 |
false | 否 |
fs.cosn.traffic.limit | 上传下载带宽的控制选项,819200 ~ 838860800,单位为bits/s。默认值为-1,表示不限制。 | -1 | 否 |
命令格式为:hadoop fs -ls -R cosn://examplebucket-1250000000000/<路径>
或hadoop fs -ls -R /<路径>
(配置了fs.defaultFS选项为 cosn:// 后) ,下例中以名称为 hdfs-test-1252681929 的 bucket 为例,可在其后面加上具体路径。
hadoop fs -ls -R cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1087 2018-06-11 07:49 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/LICENSE
drwxrwxrwx - root root 0 1970-01-01 00:00 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/hdfs
drwxrwxrwx - root root 0 1970-01-01 00:00 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/hdfs/2018
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1087 2018-06-12 03:26 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/hdfs/2018/LICENSE
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 2386 2018-06-12 03:26 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/hdfs/2018/ReadMe
drwxrwxrwx - root root 0 1970-01-01 00:00 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/hdfs/test
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1087 2018-06-11 07:32 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/hdfs/test/LICENSE
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 2386 2018-06-11 07:29 cosn://hdfs-test-1252681929/hdfs/test/ReadMe
运行 MapReduce 自带的 wordcount
注意: 以下命令中 hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.2.jar 是以 2.7.2 版本为例,如版本不同,请修改成对应的版本号。
bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.2.jar wordcount cosn://examplebucket-1250000000000/mr/input cosn://examplebucket-1250000000000/mr/output3
执行成功会返回统计信息,示例如下:
File System Counters
COSN: Number of bytes read=72
COSN: Number of bytes written=40
COSN: Number of read operations=0
COSN: Number of large read operations=0
COSN: Number of write operations=0
FILE: Number of bytes read=547350
FILE: Number of bytes written=1155616
FILE: Number of read operations=0
FILE: Number of large read operations=0
FILE: Number of write operations=0
HDFS: Number of bytes read=0
HDFS: Number of bytes written=0
HDFS: Number of read operations=0
HDFS: Number of large read operations=0
HDFS: Number of write operations=0
Map-Reduce Framework
Map input records=5
Map output records=7
Map output bytes=59
Map output materialized bytes=70
Input split bytes=99
Combine input records=7
Combine output records=6
Reduce input groups=6
Reduce shuffle bytes=70
Reduce input records=6
Reduce output records=6
Spilled Records=12
Shuffled Maps =1
Failed Shuffles=0
Merged Map outputs=1
GC time elapsed (ms)=0
Total committed heap usage (bytes)=653262848
Shuffle Errors
BAD_ID=0
CONNECTION=0
IO_ERROR=0
WRONG_LENGTH=0
WRONG_MAP=0
WRONG_REDUCE=0
File Input Format Counters
Bytes Read=36
File Output Format Counters
Bytes Written=40