libvips is a demand-driven, horizontally threaded image processing library. Compared to similar libraries, libvips runs quickly and uses little memory. libvips is licensed under the LGPL 2.1+.
It has around 300 operations covering arithmetic, histograms, convolution, morphological operations, frequency filtering, colour, resampling, statistics and others. It supports a large range of numeric types, from 8-bit int to 128-bit complex. Images can have any number of bands. It supports a good range of image formats, including JPEG, JPEG2000, TIFF, PNG, WebP, HEIC, AVIF, FITS, Matlab, OpenEXR, PDF, SVG, HDR, PPM / PGM / PFM, CSV, GIF, Analyze, NIfTI, DeepZoom, and OpenSlide. It can also load images via ImageMagick or GraphicsMagick, letting it work with formats like DICOM.
It comes with bindings for C, C++, and the command-line. Full bindings are available for Ruby, Python, PHP, C# / .NET, Go, and Lua. libvips is used as an image processing engine by sharp (on node.js), bimg, sharp for Go, Ruby on Rails, carrierwave-vips, mediawiki, PhotoFlow and others. The official libvips GUI is nip2, a strange combination of a spreadsheet and an photo editor.
There are packages for most Unix-like operating systems, including macOS. Check your package manager.
There are binaries for Windows in releases.
The libvips website has detailed install notes.
We keep pre-baked tarballs in releases.
Untar, then in the libvips directory you should just be able to do:
./configure
Check the summary at the end of configure carefully. libvips must have
build-essential, pkg-config, libglib2.0-dev, libexpat1-dev.
You'll need the dev packages for the file format support you want. For basic
jpeg and tiff support, you'll need libtiff5-dev, libjpeg-turbo8-dev,
and libgsf-1-dev. See the Dependencies section below for a full list
of the things that libvips can be configured to use.
Once configure is looking OK, compile and install with the usual:
make
sudo make install
By default this will install files to /usr/local.
Run the test suite with:
make check
Run a specific test with:
pytest test/test-suite/test_foreign.py -k test_tiff
Clone the latest sources with:
git clone git://github.com/libvips/libvips.git
Building from git needs more packages -- you'll need at least gtk-doc
and gobject-introspection, see the dependencies section below. For example:
brew install gtk-doc
Then generate the build system with:
./autogen.sh --prefix=/home/john/vips
Debug build:
CFLAGS="-g -Wall" CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \
./configure --prefix=/home/john/vips --enable-debug
make
make install
libvips has a number of built-in loaders and savers. You can disable these if you wish, for example:
./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips --without-nsgif --without-ppm
libvips has to have libglib2.0-dev and libexpat1-dev. Other dependencies
are optional.
If suitable versions are found, libvips will add support for the following
libraries automatically. See ./configure --help for a set of flags to
control library detection. Packages are generally found with pkg-config,
so make sure that is working.
Libraries like nifti do not use pkg-config so libvips will also
look for them in the default path and in $prefix. If you have installed
your own versions of these libraries in a different location, libvips will
not see them. Use switches to libvips configure like:
./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips \
--with-nifti-includes=/opt/local/include \
--with-nifti-libraries=/opt/local/lib
or perhaps:
CFLAGS="-g -Wall -I/opt/local/include -L/opt/local/lib" \
CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall -I/opt/local/include -L/opt/local/lib" \
./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips
The IJG JPEG library. Use the -turbo version if you can.
If available, libvips adds support for EXIF metadata in JPEG files.
The usual SVG loader. If this is not present, vips will try to load SVGs via imagemagick instead.
If present, libvips will attempt to load PDFs with PDFium. Download the prebuilt pdfium binary from:
https://github.com/bblanchon/pdfium-binaries
Untar to the libvips install prefix, for example:
cd ~/vips
tar xf ~/pdfium-linux.tgz
Create a pdfium.pc like this (update the version number):
VIPSHOME=/home/john/vips
cat > $VIPSHOME/lib/pkgconfig/pdfium.pc << EOF
prefix=$VIPSHOME
exec_prefix=\${prefix}
libdir=\${exec_prefix}/lib
includedir=\${prefix}/include
Name: pdfium
Description: pdfium
Version: 4290
Requires:
Libs: -L\${libdir} -lpdfium
Cflags: -I\${includedir}
EOF
If PDFium is not detected, libvips will look for poppler-glib instead.
The Poppler PDF renderer, with a glib API. If this is not present, vips will try to load PDFs via imagemagick.
If available, libvips adds support for creating image pyramids with dzsave.
The TIFF library. It needs to be built with support for JPEG and ZIP compression. 3.4b037 and later are known to be OK.
If libvips finds this library, it uses it for fourier transforms.
If present, vips_icc_import(), vips_icc_export() and vips_icc_transform()
can be used to manipulate images with ICC profiles.
If present, libvips will load PNG files using libspng. At the moment, libpng is still necessary for save.
If libspng is not present and libpng is, libvips will load PNG files with libpng. It will always save PNG files with libpng.
If present, libvips can write 8-bit palette-ised PNGs.
If available, libvips adds support for loading all libMagick-supported
image file types. Use --with-magickpackage=GraphicsMagick to build against
graphicsmagick instead.
Imagemagick 6.9+ needs to have been built with --with-modules. Most packaged
IMs are, I think.
If you are going to be using libvips with untrusted images, perhaps in a web server, for example, you should consider the security implications of enabling a package with such a large attack surface.
If available, libvips adds support for text rendering. You need the
package pangocairo in pkg-config --list-all.
If available, vips will accelerate some operations with this run-time compiler.
If available, vips can load images from Matlab save files.
If available, vips can load FITS images.
If available, vips can load and save WebP images.
If available, vips can load and save NIfTI images.
If available, libvips will directly read (but not write, sadly) OpenEXR images.
If available, libvips will read and write JPEG2000 images.
If available, libvips can load OpenSlide-supported virtual slide files: Aperio, Hamamatsu, Leica, MIRAX, Sakura, Trestle, and Ventana.
If available, libvips can load and save HEIC and AVIF images. Your libheif (in turn) needs to be built with the correct decoders and encoders. You can check with eg.:
$ pkg-config libheif --print-variables
builtin_avif_decoder
builtin_avif_encoder
builtin_h265_decoder
builtin_h265_encoder
exec_prefix
includedir
libdir
pcfiledir
prefix
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