Updated except syntax to be compatible with Python 3

pyalgotrade/bitstamp/livebroker.py

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def run(self):
                     self.__lastTradeId = trades[-1].getId()
                     common.logger.info("%d new trade/s found" % (len(trades)))
                     self.__queue.put((TradeMonitor.ON_USER_TRADE, trades))
-            except Exception, e:
+            except Exception as e:
                 common.logger.critical("Error retrieving user transactions", exc_info=e)
 
             time.sleep(TradeMonitor.POLL_FREQUENCY)

pyalgotrade/bitstamp/livefeed.py

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ def __initializeClient(self):
             # Start the thread that runs the client.
             self.__thread = self.buildWebSocketClientThread()
             self.__thread.start()
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             common.logger.exception("Error connecting : %s" % str(e))
 
         # Wait for initialization to complete.
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ def stop(self):
             if self.__thread is not None and self.__thread.is_alive():
                 common.logger.info("Shutting down websocket client.")
                 self.__thread.stop()
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             common.logger.error("Error shutting down client: %s" % (str(e)))
 
     # This should not raise.

pyalgotrade/bitstamp/wsclient.py

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def onDisconnectionDetected(self):
         common.logger.warning("Disconnection detected.")
         try:
             self.stopClient()
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             common.logger.error("Error stopping websocket client: %s." % (str(e)))
         self.__queue.put((WebSocketClient.Event.DISCONNECTED, None))
 
@@ -191,5 +191,5 @@ def stop(self):
             if self.__wsClient is not None:
                 common.logger.info("Stopping websocket client.")
                 self.__wsClient.stopClient()
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             common.logger.error("Error stopping websocket client: %s." % (str(e)))

pyalgotrade/optimizer/local.py

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def runStrategy(self, barFeed, *args, **kwargs):
         w = Worker("localhost", port, name)
         w.getLogger().setLevel(logLevel)
         w.run()
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         w.getLogger().exception("Failed to run worker: %s" % (e))
 
 

pyalgotrade/optimizer/worker.py

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def __processJob(self, job, barsFreq, instruments, bars):
             result = None
             try:
                 result = self.runStrategy(feed, *parameters)
-            except Exception, e:
+            except Exception as e:
                 self.getLogger().exception("Error running strategy with parameters %s: %s" % (str(parameters), e))
             self.getLogger().info("Result %s" % result)
             if bestResult is None or result > bestResult:
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ def run(self):
                 self.__processJob(job, barsFreq, instruments, bars)
                 job = self.getNextJob()
             self.getLogger().info("Finished running")
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             self.getLogger().exception("Finished running with errors: %s" % (e))
 
 

pyalgotrade/tools/quandl.py

@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ def build_feed(sourceCode, tableCodes, fromYear, toYear, storage, frequency=bar.
                     else:
                         assert frequency == bar.Frequency.WEEK, "Invalid frequency"
                         download_weekly_bars(sourceCode, tableCode, year, fileName, authToken)
-                except Exception, e:
+                except Exception as e:
                     if skipErrors:
                         logger.error(str(e))
                         continue
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ def main():
                 else:
                     assert args.frequency == "weekly", "Invalid frequency"
                     download_weekly_bars(args.source_code, args.table_code, year, fileName, args.auth_token)
-            except Exception, e:
+            except Exception as e:
                 if args.ignore_errors:
                     logger.error(str(e))
                     continue

pyalgotrade/twitter/feed.py

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ def stop(self):
             if self.__thread is not None and self.__thread.is_alive():
                 logger.info("Shutting down client.")
                 self.__stream.disconnect()
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             logger.error("Error disconnecting stream: %s." % (str(e)))
 
     def join(self):

pyalgotrade/websocket/client.py

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ def received_message(self, message):
                     return
 
             self.onMessage(msg)
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             self.onUnhandledException(e)
 
     def opened(self):
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ def stopClient(self):
             if self.__connected:
                 self.close()
             self.close_connection()
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             logger.warning("Failed to close connection: %s" % (e))
 
     ######################################################################

samples/bccharts_example_2.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def _buySignal(self, price):
             self.info("Buy %s at %s" % (size, price))
             try:
                 self.limitOrder(self.__instrument, price, size)
-            except Exception, e:
+            except Exception as e:
                 self.error("Failed to buy: %s" % (e))
 
     def _sellSignal(self, price):

testcases/ninjatraderfeed_test.py

@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ def testWithIntegerTimezone(self):
         try:
             barFeed = ninjatraderfeed.Feed(ninjatraderfeed.Frequency.MINUTE, -3)
             self.assertTrue(False, "Exception expected")
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             self.assertTrue(str(e).find("timezone as an int parameter is not supported anymore") == 0)
 
         try:
             barFeed = ninjatraderfeed.Feed(ninjatraderfeed.Frequency.MINUTE)
             barFeed.addBarsFromCSV("spy", common.get_data_file_path("nt-spy-minute-2011.csv"), -5)
             self.assertTrue(False, "Exception expected")
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             self.assertTrue(str(e).find("timezone as an int parameter is not supported anymore") == 0)
 
     def testLocalizeAndFilter(self):

testcases/yahoofeed_test.py

@@ -205,14 +205,14 @@ def testWithIntegerTimezone(self):
         try:
             barFeed = yahoofeed.Feed(timezone=-5)
             self.assertTrue(False, "Exception expected")
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             self.assertTrue(str(e).find("timezone as an int parameter is not supported anymore") == 0)
 
         try:
             barFeed = yahoofeed.Feed()
             barFeed.addBarsFromCSV(FeedTestCase.TestInstrument, common.get_data_file_path("orcl-2000-yahoofinance.csv"), -3)
             self.assertTrue(False, "Exception expected")
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             self.assertTrue(str(e).find("timezone as an int parameter is not supported anymore") == 0)
 
     def testMapTypeOperations(self):

tools/symbols/get_merval_symbols.py

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def process_symbol(writer, symbol):
             logger.warning("Industry not found")
 
         writer.addStock(symbol, company, sector, industry)
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         logger.error(str(e))
 
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def main():
 
         logger.info("Writing merval.xml")
         writer.write("merval.xml")
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         logger.error(str(e))
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

tools/symbols/get_nasdaq_symbols.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def main():
 
         logger.info("Writing nasdaq.xml")
         symbolsXML.write("nasdaq.xml")
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         logger.error(str(e))
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

tools/symbols/get_nyse_symbols.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def main():
 
         logger.info("Writing nyse.xml")
         symbolsXML.write("nyse.xml")
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         logger.error(str(e))
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

tools/symbols/get_sp500_symbols.py

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def main():
 
         logger.info("Writing sp500.xml")
         symbolsXML.write("sp500.xml")
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         logger.error(str(e))
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

tools/yahoodbfeed/analyze_gaps.py

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ def main():
         stockCallback = lambda stock: process_symbol(stock.getTicker(), fromYear, toYear, missingDataVerifierClass)
         indexCallback = stockCallback
         symbolsxml.parse(symbolsFile, stockCallback, indexCallback)
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         logger.error(str(e))
 
 main()

tools/yahoodbfeed/download_data.py

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def download_files_for_symbol(symbol, fromYear, toYear):
             try:
                 yahoofinance.download_daily_bars(symbol, year, fileName)
                 status += "1"
-            except Exception, e:
+            except Exception as e:
                 logger.error(str(e))
                 status += "0"
         else:
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def main():
         symbolsFile = os.path.join("..", "symbols", "merval.xml")
         callback = lambda stock: download_files_for_symbol(stock.getTicker(), fromYear, toYear)
         symbolsxml.parse(symbolsFile, callback, callback)
-    except Exception, e:
+    except Exception as e:
         logger.error(str(e))
 
 main()