lib/rhashtable: guarantee initial hashtable allocation

rhashtable_init() may fail due to -ENOMEM, thus making the entire api
unusable.  This patch removes this scenario, however unlikely.  In order
to guarantee memory allocation, this patch always ends up doing
GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_NOFAIL for both the tbl as well as
alloc_bucket_spinlocks().

Upon the first table allocation failure, we shrink the size to the
smallest value that makes sense and retry with __GFP_NOFAIL semantics.
With the defaults, this means that from 64 buckets, we retry with only 4.
Any later issues regarding performance due to collisions or larger table
resizing (when more memory becomes available) is the least of our
problems.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Manfred Spraul <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Herbert Xu <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Cc: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

lib/rhashtable.c

@@ -178,10 +178,11 @@ static struct bucket_table *bucket_table_alloc(struct rhashtable *ht,
 
 	size = nbuckets;
 
-	if (tbl == NULL && gfp != GFP_KERNEL) {
+	if (tbl == NULL && (gfp & ~__GFP_NOFAIL) != GFP_KERNEL) {
 		tbl = nested_bucket_table_alloc(ht, nbuckets, gfp);
 		nbuckets = 0;
 	}
+
 	if (tbl == NULL)
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -1057,9 +1058,16 @@ int rhashtable_init(struct rhashtable *ht,
 		}
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * This is api initialization and thus we need to guarantee the
+	 * initial rhashtable allocation. Upon failure, retry with the
+	 * smallest possible size with __GFP_NOFAIL semantics.
+	 */
 	tbl = bucket_table_alloc(ht, size, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (tbl == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	if (unlikely(tbl == NULL)) {
+		size = max_t(u16, ht->p.min_size, HASH_MIN_SIZE);
+		tbl = bucket_table_alloc(ht, size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOFAIL);
+	}
 
 	atomic_set(&ht->nelems, 0);