init

README.md

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+## 项目简介
+
+Zhihu API For Humans Based on Python3
+
+## 前置条件
+
+* Python3.x
+* Requests2
+* BeautifulSoup4
+
+## 安装
+
+```python
+git@github.com:lzjun567/zhihu-api.git
+cd  zhihu-api
+pip install -r requirement.txt
+```
+
+## API使用
+
+### 获取用户信息: zhihu.user(id)
+
+获取用户信息时,接收的参数可以是用户的主页地址 profile_url,也可以是用户的个性化名字 user_slug
+
+```
+>>> from zhihu import Zhihu
+
+>>> zhihu = Zhihu()
+
+>>> zhihu.user(profile_url="https://www.zhihu.com/people/xiaoxiaodouzi")
+
+>>> zhihu.user(user_slug="xiaoxiaodouzi")
+{'avatar_url_template': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_{size}.jpg', 'badge': [], 'name': '我是小号', 'headline': '程序员', 'gender': -1, 'user_type': 'people', 'is_advertiser': False, 'avatar_url': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_is.jpg', 'url': 'http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149', 'type': 'people', 'url_token': 'xiaoxiaodouzi', 'id': '1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149', 'is_org': False}
+
+```
+
+### 发私信: zhihu.send_message(id)
+
+获取用户信息时,接收的参数可以是用户的主页地址 profile_url,也可以是用户的个性化名字 user_slug, 还可以是用户的id
+
+
+```python
+>>> zhihu.send_message("你好,问候1", profile_url="https://www.zhihu.com/people/xiaoxiaodouzi")
+{'sender': {'avatar_url_template': 'https://pic3.zhimg.com/ca6bf4bb82d9cf152b618edcbda01606_{size}.jpg', 'badge': [], 'name': 'zhijun liu', 'is_advertiser': False, 'url': 'http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/ba286d02fd9701a446d68ba85d0755c0', 'url_token': 'zhijun-liu', 'user_type': 'people', 'headline': '公众号：Python之禅', 'avatar_url': 'https://pic3.zhimg.com/ca6bf4bb82d9cf152b618edcbda01606_is.jpg', 'is_org': False, 'gender': 1, 'type': 'people', 'id': 'ba286d02fd9701a446d68ba85d0755c0'}, 'url': '', 'has_read': False, 'content': '你好,问候1', 'receiver': {'avatar_url_template': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_{size}.jpg', 'badge': [], 'name': '我是小号', 'is_advertiser': False, 'url': 'http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149', 'url_token': 'xiaoxiaodouzi', 'user_type': 'people', 'headline': '程序员', 'avatar_url': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_is.jpg', 'is_org': False, 'gender': -1, 'type': 'people', 'id': '1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149'}, 'created_time': 1492318772, 'type': 'message', 'id': '2143862420'}
+
+>>> zhihu.send_message("你好,问候2", user_slug="xiaoxiaodouzi")
+{'sender': {'avatar_url_template': 'https://pic3.zhimg.com/ca6bf4bb82d9cf152b618edcbda01606_{size}.jpg', 'name': 'zhijun liu', 'is_advertiser': False, 'url': 'http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/ba286d02fd9701a446d68ba85d0755c0', 'badge': [], 'user_type': 'people', 'url_token': 'zhijun-liu', 'headline': '公众号：Python之禅', 'avatar_url': 'https://pic3.zhimg.com/ca6bf4bb82d9cf152b618edcbda01606_is.jpg', 'is_org': False, 'gender': 1, 'type': 'people', 'id': 'ba286d02fd9701a446d68ba85d0755c0'}, 'url': '', 'has_read': False, 'content': '你好,问候2', 'receiver': {'avatar_url_template': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_{size}.jpg', 'name': '我是小号', 'is_advertiser': False, 'url': 'http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149', 'badge': [], 'user_type': 'people', 'url_token': 'xiaoxiaodouzi', 'headline': '程序员', 'avatar_url': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_is.jpg', 'is_org': False, 'gender': -1, 'type': 'people', 'id': '1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149'}, 'created_time': 1492318780, 'type': 'message', 'id': '6343862420'}
+
+>>> zhihu.send_message("你好,问候3", user_id="1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149")
+{'sender': {'avatar_url_template': 'https://pic3.zhimg.com/ca6bf4bb82d9cf152b618edcbda01606_{size}.jpg', 'name': 'zhijun liu', 'is_advertiser': False, 'url': 'http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/ba286d02fd9701a446d68ba85d0755c0', 'badge': [], 'user_type': 'people', 'url_token': 'zhijun-liu', 'headline': '公众号：Python之禅', 'avatar_url': 'https://pic3.zhimg.com/ca6bf4bb82d9cf152b618edcbda01606_is.jpg', 'is_org': False, 'gender': 1, 'type': 'people', 'id': 'ba286d02fd9701a446d68ba85d0755c0'}, 'url': '', 'has_read': False, 'content': '你好,问候3', 'receiver': {'avatar_url_template': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_{size}.jpg', 'name': '我是小号', 'is_advertiser': False, 'url': 'http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149', 'badge': [], 'user_type': 'people', 'url_token': 'xiaoxiaodouzi', 'headline': '程序员', 'avatar_url': 'https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-ca13758626bd7367febde704c66249ec_is.jpg', 'is_org': False, 'gender': -1, 'type': 'people', 'id': '1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149'}, 'created_time': 1492318799, 'type': 'message', 'id': '3244862420'}
+>>>
+```
+
+## TODO
+
+* 关注
+* 文章点赞
+* ...
+
+## 贡献者
+欢迎 PR, 所有贡献者都将出现在这里
+
+## 交流
+
+![公众号](gongzhonghao.png)
+
+![群](weixingroup.jpeg)
+

__init__.py

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+# encoding: utf-8
+__author__ = 'liuzhijun'

main.py

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+# encoding: utf-8
+__author__ = 'liuzhijun'
+import time
+from zhihu import Zhihu
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    zhihu = Zhihu()
+    profile = zhihu.user(profile_url="https://www.zhihu.com/people/xiaoxiaodouzi")
+    time.sleep(1)
+    profile = zhihu.user(user_slug="xiaoxiaodouzi")
+    time.sleep(1)
+    _id = profile.get("id")
+    zhihu.send_message("你好,问候1", profile_url="https://www.zhihu.com/people/xiaoxiaodouzi")
+    time.sleep(1)
+    zhihu.send_message("你好,问候2", user_slug="xiaoxiaodouzi")
+    time.sleep(1)
+    zhihu.send_message("你好,问候3", user_id=_id)
+

requirement.txt

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+requests==2.13.0
+beautifulsoup4==4.5.3

url.py

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+# encoding: utf-8
+
+"""
+通用ＵＲＬ类,知乎官方ＵＲＬ接口地址
+"""
+
+
+class URL(object):
+    # 登录
+    @staticmethod
+    def login():
+        return "https://www.zhihu.com/login/email"
+
+    # 私信
+    @staticmethod
+    def message():
+        return "https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/messages"
+
+    # 验证码
+    @staticmethod
+    def captcha(timestamp):
+        return 'https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r={timestamp}&type=login'
+
+    # 首页
+    @staticmethod
+    def index():
+        return "https://www.zhihu.com"
+
+    # 用户信息
+    @staticmethod
+    def profile(url_token):
+        return "https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/{url_token}".format(url_token=url_token)

zhihu.py

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+# encoding: utf-8
+# !/usr/bin/env python
+
+"""
+知乎API
+"""
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import time
+from http import cookiejar
+
+import requests
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+from url import URL
+
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+
+# cookies 文件保存在当前用户目录,
+# 下次程序重新启动时,直接加载cookie文件,无需再输入用户名和密码登录
+cookie_filename = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), "cookies.txt")
+
+
+def need_login(func):
+    """
+    用户认证(判断用户是否已经登录的装饰器)
+    """
+
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        success = True
+        if not os.path.exists(cookie_filename):
+            success = False
+            while not success:
+                email = input("请输入email:")
+                password = input("请输入密码:")
+                success = self.login(email, password)
+        if success:
+            result = func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            return result
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class Zhihu(object):
+    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._session = requests.session()
+        self._session.verify = False
+        self._session.headers = {"Host": "www.zhihu.com",
+                                 "Referer": "https://www.zhihu.com/",
+                                 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/537.36'
+                                               ' (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/56.0.2924.87',
+                                 }
+        self._session.cookies = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar(filename=cookie_filename)
+        try:
+            self._session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True)
+        except:
+            pass
+
+    def _get_captcha(self):
+        t = str(int(time.time() * 1000))
+        r = self._session.get(URL.captcha(t))
+        with open('captcha.jpg', 'wb') as f:
+            f.write(r.content)
+        captcha = input("验证码：")
+        return captcha
+
+    def _get_xsrf(self):
+        response = self._session.get(URL.index())
+        soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
+        xsrf = soup.find('input', attrs={"name": "_xsrf"}).get("value")
+        return xsrf
+
+    def login(self, email, password):
+        """
+        登录需要的验证码会保存在当前目录,需要用户自己识别,并输入
+        """
+        request_body = {'email': email,
+                        'password': password,
+                        '_xsrf': self._get_xsrf(),
+                        "captcha": self._get_captcha(),
+                        'remember_me': 'true'}
+
+        response = self._session.post(URL.login(), data=request_body)
+        if response.ok:
+            data = response.json()
+            if data.get("r") == 0:
+                # 登录成功'
+                self._session.cookies.save()
+                self.logger.info("登录成功")
+                return True
+            else:
+                self.logger.info("登录失败, %s" % data.get("msg"))
+
+        else:
+            self.logger.error(response.content)
+        return False
+
+    @need_login
+    def send_message(self, content, user_id=None, profile_url=None, user_slug=None):
+        """
+        给指定的用户发私信
+        :param content 私信内容
+        :param user_id 用户id
+        :param profile_url :用户主页地址
+        :param user_slug : 用户的个性域名
+
+        >>> send_message(profile_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/people/xiaoxiaodouzi")
+        >>> send_message(user_slug = "xiaoxiaodouzi")
+        >>> send_message(user_id = "1da75b85900e00adb072e91c56fd9149")
+        """
+
+        if not any([user_id, profile_url, user_slug]):
+            raise Exception("至少指定一个关键字参数")
+
+        if not user_id and user_slug:
+            profile = self.user(user_slug)
+            user_id = profile.get("id")
+        elif not user_id and profile_url:
+            pattern = re.compile("https?://www.zhihu.com/people/([\w-]+)")
+            match = pattern.search(profile_url)
+            if match:
+                user_slug = match.group(1)
+                profile = self.user(user_slug)
+                user_id = profile.get("id")
+
+        data = {"type": "common", "content": content, "receiver_hash": user_id}
+        response = self._session.post(URL.message(), json=data)
+        data = response.json()
+        if data.get("error"):
+            self.logger.info("私信发送失败, %s" % data.get("error").get("message"))
+        else:
+            self.logger.info("发送成功")
+        return data
+
+    @need_login
+    def user(self, user_slug=None, profile_url=None):
+        """
+        获取用户信息
+        :param user_slug : 用户的个性域名
+        :param profile_url: 用户主页地址
+
+        :return:dict
+
+        >>> user(profile_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/people/xiaoxiaodouzi")
+        >>> user(user_slug = "xiaoxiaodouzi")
+
+        """
+
+        if not any([profile_url, user_slug]):
+            raise Exception("至少指定一个关键字参数")
+
+        if not user_slug and profile_url:
+
+            pattern = re.compile("https?://www.zhihu.com/people/([\w-]+)")
+            match = pattern.search(profile_url)
+            if match:
+                user_slug = match.group(1)
+        response = self._session.get(URL.profile(user_slug))
+        if response.ok:
+            return response.json()
+        else:
+            self.logger.error(u"获取用户信息失败, status code: %s" % response.status_code)