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## 编程语言 | ||
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### 编程 | ||
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**编程**:让计算机为解决某个问题而使用某种程序设计语言编写程序代码,并最终得到结果的过程。 | ||
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**计算机程序**:就是计算机所执行的一系列的**指令集合**,而程序全部都是用我们所掌握的语言来编写的,所以人们如果要控制计算机,则需要通过计算机语言向计算机发出命令。 | ||
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### 计算机语言 | ||
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**计算机语言**:人与计算机之间通讯的语言。它是人与计算机之间传递信息的媒介,是用来控制计算机的一系列指令。 | ||
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计算机语言的种类非常的多,总的来说可以分成三大类:机器语言、汇编语言和高级语言。 | ||
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计算机最终所执行的都是机器语言,它是由“0”和“1”组成的二进制数,二进制是计算机语言的基础。 | ||
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### 编程语言 | ||
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通过类似于人类语言的 ”语言”来控制计算机,让计算机为我们做事情,这样的语言就叫做编程语言。不同的编程语言,有不同的语法,必须遵守。 | ||
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如今通用的编程语言有两种形式:汇编语言和高级语言。 | ||
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- **汇编语言**:与机器语言实质是相同的,都是直接对硬件操作,只不过指令采用了英文缩写的标识符,容易识别和记忆。 | ||
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- **高级语言**:主要是相对于低级语言而言,它并不是特指某一种具体的语言,而是包括了很多编程语言,比如:C语言、C++、Java、C#、PHP、JavaScript、Python、Objective-C、Swift、Go语言等。 | ||
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### 编译器 | ||
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高级语言所编写的程序不能直接被计算机识别,必须经过转换才能被执行,为此,我们需要一个编译器。 | ||
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编译器可以将我们所编写的源代码转换(翻译)为机器语言,这也被称为二进制化。 | ||
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