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dist | ||
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cache | ||
.DS_Store |
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# 存储租金经济 | ||
提交给Solana账本的每笔交易都会产生费用。交易费用由交易发起者支付,并由验证者来收取,理论上费用包含紧急程度、交易的验证成本以及将该数据记录到账本。 | ||
在此过程中没有考虑的是活动账本状态的中期存储,它必须由轮换验证器集维护。随着活动状态的增长,这种类型的存储不仅会给验证器带来费用,还会给更广泛的网络带来费用,数据传输和验证开销也会增加。为了考虑到这些费用,我们在此描述我们对存储租金的初步设计和实施。 | ||
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存储租金可以通过以下两种方式之一来支付: | ||
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方法一:设置后不管 | ||
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通过这种方法,拥有两年租金押金的账户可以免收网络租金费用。通过保持这种最低余额,更广泛的网络将从减少的流动性中受益,账户持有人可以放心,他们将 `Account::data` 被保留以继续访问/使用。 | ||
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方法二:按字节付费 | ||
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如果一个账户的存入租金少于两年,则网络将按每个周期收取租金,以记入下一个周期的信用额度。这笔租金是按照规定的比率扣除的,单位是每千字节年。 | ||
有关此设计的技术实现详细信息的信息,请参阅[租用部分](https://docs.solanalabs.com/implemented-proposals/rent)。 | ||
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**注意**:新创建的账户必须预充值足够数量的 lamports,以达到租金豁免标准。Lamports是SOL的最小单位,本次更新规定所有新账户创建时都需要预存一定量的lamports,使其满足租金豁免条件。这样可以避免小额账户长期占用网络资源却无需支付租金的情况。任何交易,如果会导致账户余额低于租金豁免最低值(且该余额并非零),都将失败。现有账户的租金支付规则保持不变,但任何会使账户余额低于租金豁免最低值的交易都将被拒绝。简而言之,此更新基本实现了所有账户的租金豁免。之前创建的需要支付租金的账户,会继续按照原有规则支付租金,直到满足以下两个条件之一:(1)账户余额归零。(2)交易使账户余额增加,达到租金豁免标准。 |
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# Solana钱包指南 | ||
本文档描述了Solana用户可以使用的不同钱包选项,这些用户希望能够在Solana区块链上发送、接收SOL代币并与之交互。 | ||
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## 什么是钱包? | ||
加密货币钱包是一种用于存储密钥集合的设备或应用程序,可用来发送、接收和跟踪加密货币的所有权。 钱包可以有多种形式。它可以是您计算机文件系统中的目录或文件、一张纸或称为硬件钱包的专用设备。还有各种智能手机应用程序和计算机程序,可以提供用户友好的方式来创建和管理钱包。 | ||
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### 密钥对 | ||
密钥对是安全生成的密钥及其加密派生的公钥。密钥及其对应的公钥统称为密钥对。钱包包含一个或多个密钥对的集合,并提供一些与它们交互的方法。 | ||
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### 公钥 | ||
公钥(通常缩写为pubkey)被称为钱包的接收地址或简称为它的地址。钱包地址可以自由共享和显示。当另一方要向钱包发送一定数量的加密货币时,他们需要知道钱包的接收地址。根据区块链的实现,该地址还可用于查看有关钱包的某些信息,例如查看余额,但无法更改有关钱包的任何内容或提取任何代币。 | ||
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### 密钥 | ||
密钥(也称为私钥)用于对任何交易进行数字签名,以将加密货币发送到另一个地址或对钱包进行任何更改。绝不能共享密钥。如果有人获得了钱包的密钥,他们可以提取钱包包含的所有代币。如果钱包的密钥丢失,则发送到该钱包地址的任何令牌都将永久丢失。 | ||
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## 安全 | ||
不同的钱包解决方案提供不同的密钥对安全方法,与密钥对交互,并签署交易以使用/花费代币。有些钱包比其他的更容易使用。有些可以更安全地存储和备份密钥。Solana支持多种类型的钱包,因此您可以在安全性和便利性之间选择适当的平衡。 | ||
如果您希望能够在Solana区块链上接收SOL代币,您首先需要创建一个钱包。 | ||
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## 支持的钱包 | ||
一些基于浏览器和移动应用程序的钱包支持Solana。在[Solana生态系统](https://solana.com/ecosystem/explore?categories=wallet)页面上找到一些可能适合您的选项。 | ||
对于高级用户或开发人员来说,[命令行钱包](https://docs.solanalabs.com/cli/wallets)可能更合适,因为在集成到第三方解决方案之前,Solana 区块链上的新功能将始终首先在命令行上得到支持。 |